أعرض تسجيلة المادة بشكل مبسط

dc.creator Welsch, Heinz
dc.date 2003
dc.date.accessioned 2013-10-16T06:58:21Z
dc.date.available 2013-10-16T06:58:21Z
dc.date.issued 2013-10-16
dc.identifier http://hdl.handle.net/10419/18117
dc.identifier ppn:377776823
dc.identifier.uri http://koha.mediu.edu.my:8181/xmlui/handle/10419/18117
dc.description The relationship between per capita income and a number of pollution indicators has been found to display an inverted U-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given income levels (direct effect) and by reducing per capita income (indirect effect). The total effect is ambiguous a priori. Using cross section data for several indicators of pollution, the paper estimates the direct and the indirect effect of corruption on pollution. The indirect effect via income is positive or negative depending on the income level. If negative, the indirect effect is dominated by the positive direct effect. Overall, our measures of pollution are monotonically increasing in corruption. Because this relationship is particularly strong at low income levels, developing countries can considerably improve both their economic and environmental performance by reducing corruption.
dc.language eng
dc.publisher Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW) Berlin
dc.relation DIW-Diskussionspapiere 357
dc.rights http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen
dc.subject O1
dc.subject K4
dc.subject Q2
dc.subject ddc:330
dc.subject corruption
dc.subject growth
dc.subject pollution
dc.subject environmental Kuznets curve
dc.subject Umweltbelastung
dc.subject Wirtschaftswachstum
dc.subject Sozialprodukt
dc.subject Korruption
dc.subject Umweltschutz
dc.subject Theorie
dc.subject Welt
dc.title Corruption, Growth, and the Environment : A Cross-Country Analysis
dc.type doc-type:workingPaper


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أعرض تسجيلة المادة بشكل مبسط