The scientific literature on logging after wildfire is reviewed, with a focus on environmental effects of logging and removal of large woody structure. Rehabilitation, the practice of planting or seeding after logging, is not reviewed here. Several publications are cited that can be described as 'commentaries', intended to help frame the public debate. The authors review 21 postfire logging studies and interpret them in the context of how wildfire itself affects stands and watersheds. Results of this review are summarized in 16 major conclusions at the end of the text, most of which are based on results of no more than a handful of studies. The review is followed by an annotated bibliography and an index. Copies of all papers reviewed here are held by the Blue Mountains Natural Resource Institute, at the Forestry and Range Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, La Grande, Oregon.